“Вислів, як вийти в день та жити після смерті”. 2-а глава давньоєгипетської Книги мертвих: переклад і коментар
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Анотація
Статтю присвячено 2-й главі давньоєгипетської Книги мертвих у її Фіванській редакції (Нове царство – Третій перехідний період). На сьогодні відомо 193 записи цього вислову, втім, це переважно документи пізніх редакцій Книги (Саїської та Птолемеївської). Новим царством датуються лише 12 документів. У низці документів 2-га глава поєднується з 3-ю як єдиний вислів. Від Третього перехідного періоду дійшло 17 записів 2-ї глави. Текст цього вислову має довгу історію та бере початок у Текстах саркофагів (вислови 93 та 152) (CT, II, 64–66; 260–261). У статті надається перший переклад українською та коментар 2-ї глави Книги мертвих за папірусом Ну (pLondon BM EA 10477 (аркуш 13), ХVIII династія, Фіви). Спеціально розглянуто віньєтки цієї глави, які мали кілька типів ілюстрування, відмінних у Новому царстві та Третьому перехідному періоді.
Як цитувати
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Книга мертвих, глава 2, Фіванська редакція, переклад, віньєтки
Тарасенко М. О. (2024), «“Вислів, як вийти в день та жити після смерті” – 2-га глава давньоєгипетської Книги мертвих», в ХХVІІ Сходознавчі читання А. Кримського: матеріали міжнародної наукової конференції, 27–28 червня 2024 р., Liha-Pres, Київ, Львів, Торунь, с. 27–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36059/978-966-397-414-9-7
Allen J. P. (1989), “The cosmology of the Pyramid Texts”, in Religion and philosophy in ancient Egypt, Yale Egyptological Seminar, Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, Graduate School, New Haven, pp. 1–28.
Allen J. P. (1994), “Reading a Pyramid”, in C. Berger, G. Clerc and N. Grimal (eds), Hommages à Jean Leclant, T. 1: Études Pharaoniques, Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale, Le Caire, pp. 5–28.
Budge E. A. W. (1898), The Book of the Dead: the Chapters of Coming Forth by Day; the Egyptian text according to the Theban Recension in Hieroglyphic, edited from numerous papyri, with a translation, vocabulary, etc., Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, London.
Carrier Cl. (2010), Série des papyrus du Livre des Morts de l’Égypte ancienne, volume I: le papyrus de Nouou (BM EA 10477), Melchat, 3, Cybele, Paris.
СТ – de Buck A. (1935–1961), The Egyptian Coffin Texts, Vols I–VII, Oriental Institute Publications, Vols 34, 49, 64, 67, 73, 81, 87, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Faulkner R. O. (1973), The ancient Egyptian Coffin Texts, Volume I: Spells 1–354, Aris & Phillips, Warminster.
Faulkner R. O. (1985), The Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead, revised ed.; edited by C. Andrews, British Museum Publications, Aylesbury.
Lapp G. (1997), The Papyrus of Nu, Catalogue of the Book of the Dead in the British Museum, Vol. I, British Museum Press, London.
Lapp G. (2011), Die prt-m-hrw-Sprüche (Tb 2, 64–72), Totenbuchtexte – Synoptische Textausgabe nach Quellen des Neuen Reiches, 7, Orientverlag, Basel.
Lenzo G. (2023a), “The Book of the Dead in the Third Intermediate Period”, in Lucarelli R. and M. A. Stadler (eds), The Oxford Handbook of the Egyptian Book of the Dead, Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190210007.013.27
Lenzo M. G. (2023b), The Greenfield Papyrus: funerary papyrus of a priestess at Karnak temple (c. 950 BCE), British Museum Publications on Egypt and Sudan, Vol. 15, Peeters, Leuven, Paris and Bristol. https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.7762590
Lucarelli R. (2006), The Book of the Dead of Gatseshen. Ancient Egyptian Funerary Religion in the 10th Century B.C., Egyptologische Uitgaven, XXI, Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, Leiden.
Milde H. (1991), The Vignettes in the Book of the Dead of Neferrenpet, Egyptologische Uitgaven, 7, Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, Leiden.
Mosher M., Jr. (2016), The Book of the Dead, Saite through Ptolemaic Periods. A Study of Traditions Evident in Versions of Texts and Vignettes. Volume 1: BD Spells 1–15, Prescott (Arizona).
Munro I. (1988), Untersuchungen zu den Totenbuch-Papyri der 18. Dynastie. Kriterien ihren Datierung, Kegan Paul Press, London and New York.
Munro I. (1994), Die Totenbuch-Handschriften der 18. Dynastie im Ägyptischen Museum Cairo, Bd. I–II, Ägyptologische Abhandlungen, Bd. 54, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden.
Munro I. (2001), Das Totenbuch des Pa-en-nesti-taui (pLondon BM 10064) aus der Regierungszeit des Amenemope, Handschriften des Altagyptischen Totenbuches, Bd. 7, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden.
Naville É. (1886a), Das Aegyptische Todtenbuch der XVIII. bis XX. Dynastie. Einleitung, Verlag von A. Asher & Co, Berlin.
Naville É. (1886b), Das Aegyptische Todtenbuch der XVIII. bis XX. Dynastie, Bd. I–II, Verlag von A. Asher & Co, Berlin.
Naville É. (1912), Papyrus funéraires de la XXIe dynastie. I. Le papyrus hieroglyphique de Kamara et le papyrus hiératique de Nesikhonsou au Musée du Caire, Leroux, Paris.
Naville É. (1914), Papyrus funéraires de la XXIe dynastie. II. Le papyrus hiératique de Katseshni au Musée du Caire, Leroux, Paris.
Quirke St. (1993), Owners of funerary papyri in the British Museum, British Museum Occasional Paper, Vol. 92, British Museum Press, London.
Quirke St. (2013), Going Out in Daylight, prt m hrw, the ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead. Translation, sources, meanings, GHP Egyptology, 20, Golden House Publication, London.
Le Page Renouf P. (1883–1884), “The bow in the Egyptian sky”, Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, Vol. 6, pp. 131–2.
Le Page Renouf P. (1895), “The bow in the Egyptian sky (2)”, Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, Vol. 17, pp. 37–8.
Le Page Renouf P. (1904), The Book of the Dead. Translation and Commentary, ed. by É. Naville, The Life-Work of Sir Peter Le Page Renouf, Vol. Ernest Leroux IV. Paris.
Popielska-Grzybowska J. (2001), “Atum in the Pyramid Texts”, in J. Popielska-Grzybowska (ed.), Proceedings of the First Central European Conference of Young Egyptologists, Egypt 1999: Perspectives of research, Warsaw 7–9 June 1999, Institute of Archaeology, Warsaw University, Warsaw, pp. 115–29.
Popielska-Grzybowska J. (2020), Everything as One: a linguistic view of the Egyptian creator in the Pyramid Texts, Travaux de l’Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences, T. 5, Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures, Polish Academy of Sciences (IKŚiO PAN) and Harrassowitz, Warsaw and Wiesbaden.
PT – Sethe K. (1960), Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte, nach den Papierabdrücken und Photographien des Berliner Museums, neu herausgegeben und erläutert, Bd. I–III, Georg Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung, Hildesheim.
Shorter A. W. (1938), Catalogue of Egyptian Religious Papyri in British Museum. Copies of the Book PR(T)-M-HRW from the XVIIIth to the XXIInd Dynasty. Vol. I: Representation of Papyri with Text, British Museum, London.
Tarasenko M. (2020), “The vignettes of Chapter 17 from the Book of the Dead as found in the Papyrus of Nakht (London BM EA 10471): at the beginning of the Ramesside Iconographic Tradition”, Journal of the Hellenic Institute of Egyptology, Vol. 3, pp. 131–146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4309187
Urk. V – Grapow H. (1917), Religiöse Urkunden nebst deutschen Vebersetzung. Ausgewählte Texte des Totenbuches, Urkunden des aegyptischen Altertums, Abt. 5, I–III, Hinrichs, Leipzig.
Zago S. (2018), “Imagining the beyond: the conceptualization of Duat between the Old and the Middle Kingdoms”, Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, Vol. 54, pp. 203–217. https://doi.org/10.5913/jarce.54.2018.a016
Zago S. (2022), A Journey through the Beyond: the development of the concept of Duat and related cosmological notions in Egyptian funerary literature, Material and Visual Culture of Ancient Egypt, Vol. 7. Lockwood, Columbia, GA. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2fcctxw
REFERENCES
Tarasenko M. O. (2024), “ ‘Vysliv, yak vyity v den ta zhyty pislia smerti’ – 2-ha hlava davnoiehypetskoi Knyhy mertvykh”, in XXVII Skhodoznavchi chytannia A. Krymskoho: materialy mizhnarodnoi naukovoi konferentsii, 27–28 chervnia 2024 r., Liha-Pres, Kyiv, Lviv and Torun, pp. 27–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36059/978-966-397-414-9-7 (In Ukrainian).
Allen J. P. (1989), “The cosmology of the Pyramid Texts”, in Religion and philosophy in ancient Egypt, Yale Egyptological Seminar, Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, Graduate School, New Haven, pp. 1–28.
Allen J. P. (1994), “Reading a Pyramid”, in C. Berger, G. Clerc and N. Grimal (eds), Hommages à Jean Leclant, T. 1: Études Pharaoniques, Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale, Le Caire, pp. 5–28.
Budge E. A. W. (1898), The Book of the Dead: the Chapters of Coming Forth by Day; the Egyptian text according to the Theban Recension in Hieroglyphic, edited from numerous papyri, with a translation, vocabulary, etc., Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, London.
Carrier Cl. (2010), Série des papyrus du Livre des Morts de l’Égypte ancienne, volume I: le papyrus de Nouou (BM EA 10477), Melchat, 3, Cybele, Paris.
СТ – de Buck A. (1935–1961), The Egyptian Coffin Texts, Vols I–VII, Oriental Institute Publications, Vols 34, 49, 64, 67, 73, 81, 87, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Faulkner R. O. (1973), The ancient Egyptian Coffin Texts, Volume I: Spells 1–354, Aris & Phillips, Warminster.
Faulkner R. O. (1985), The Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead, revised ed.; edited by C. Andrews, British Museum Publications, Aylesbury.
Lapp G. (1997), The Papyrus of Nu, Catalogue of the Book of the Dead in the British Museum, Vol. I, British Museum Press, London.
Lapp G. (2011), Die prt-m-hrw-Sprüche (Tb 2, 64–72), Totenbuchtexte – Synoptische Textausgabe nach Quellen des Neuen Reiches, 7, Orientverlag, Basel.
Lenzo G. (2023a), “The Book of the Dead in the Third Intermediate Period”, in Lucarelli R. and M. A. Stadler (eds), The Oxford Handbook of the Egyptian Book of the Dead, Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190210007.013.27
Lenzo M. G. (2023b), The Greenfield Papyrus: funerary papyrus of a priestess at Karnak temple (c. 950 BCE), British Museum Publications on Egypt and Sudan, Vol. 15, Peeters, Leuven, Paris and Bristol. https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.7762590
Lucarelli R. (2006), The Book of the Dead of Gatseshen. Ancient Egyptian Funerary Religion in the 10th Century B.C., Egyptologische Uitgaven, XXI, Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, Leiden.
Milde H. (1991), The Vignettes in the Book of the Dead of Neferrenpet, Egyptologische Uitgaven, 7, Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, Leiden.
Mosher M., Jr. (2016), The Book of the Dead, Saite through Ptolemaic Periods. A Study of Traditions Evident in Versions of Texts and Vignettes. Volume 1: BD Spells 1–15, Prescott (Arizona).
Munro I. (1988), Untersuchungen zu den Totenbuch-Papyri der 18. Dynastie. Kriterien ihren Datierung, Kegan Paul Press, London and New York.
Munro I. (1994), Die Totenbuch-Handschriften der 18. Dynastie im Ägyptischen Museum Cairo, Bd. I–II, Ägyptologische Abhandlungen, Bd. 54, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden.
Munro I. (2001), Das Totenbuch des Pa-en-nesti-taui (pLondon BM 10064) aus der Regierungszeit des Amenemope, Handschriften des Altagyptischen Totenbuches, Bd. 7, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden.
Naville É. (1886a), Das Aegyptische Todtenbuch der XVIII. bis XX. Dynastie. Einleitung, Verlag von A. Asher & Co, Berlin.
Naville É. (1886b), Das Aegyptische Todtenbuch der XVIII. bis XX. Dynastie, Bd. I–II, Verlag von A. Asher & Co, Berlin.
Naville É. (1912), Papyrus funéraires de la XXIe dynastie. I. Le papyrus hieroglyphique de Kamara et le papyrus hiératique de Nesikhonsou au Musée du Caire, Leroux, Paris.
Naville É. (1914), Papyrus funéraires de la XXIe dynastie. II. Le papyrus hiératique de Katseshni au Musée du Caire, Leroux, Paris.
Quirke St. (1993), Owners of funerary papyri in the British Museum, British Museum Occasional Paper, Vol. 92, British Museum Press, London.
Quirke St. (2013), Going Out in Daylight, prt m hrw, the ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead. Translation, sources, meanings, GHP Egyptology, 20, Golden House Publication, London.
Le Page Renouf P. (1883–1884), “The bow in the Egyptian sky”, Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, Vol. 6, pp. 131–2.
Le Page Renouf P. (1895), “The bow in the Egyptian sky (2)”, Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, Vol. 17, pp. 37–8.
Le Page Renouf P. (1904), The Book of the Dead. Translation and Commentary, ed. by É. Naville, The Life-Work of Sir Peter Le Page Renouf, Vol. Ernest Leroux IV. Paris.
Popielska-Grzybowska J. (2001), “Atum in the Pyramid Texts”, in J. Popielska-Grzybowska (ed.), Proceedings of the First Central European Conference of Young Egyptologists, Egypt 1999: Perspectives of research, Warsaw 7–9 June 1999, Institute of Archaeology, Warsaw University, Warsaw, pp. 115–29.
Popielska-Grzybowska J. (2020), Everything as One: a linguistic view of the Egyptian creator in the Pyramid Texts, Travaux de l’Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences, T. 5, Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures, Polish Academy of Sciences (IKŚiO PAN) and Harrassowitz, Warsaw and Wiesbaden.
PT – Sethe K. (1960), Die altägyptischen Pyramidentexte, nach den Papierabdrücken und Photographien des Berliner Museums, neu herausgegeben und erläutert, Bd. I–III, Georg Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung, Hildesheim.
Shorter A. W. (1938), Catalogue of Egyptian Religious Papyri in British Museum. Copies of the Book PR(T)-M-HRW from the XVIIIth to the XXIInd Dynasty. Vol. I: Representation of Papyri with Text, British Museum, London.
Tarasenko M. (2020), “The vignettes of Chapter 17 from the Book of the Dead as found in the Papyrus of Nakht (London BM EA 10471): at the beginning of the Ramesside Iconographic Tradition”, Journal of the Hellenic Institute of Egyptology, Vol. 3, pp. 131–146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4309187
Urk. V – Grapow H. (1917), Religiöse Urkunden nebst deutschen Vebersetzung. Ausgewählte Texte des Totenbuches, Urkunden des aegyptischen Altertums, Abt. 5, I–III, Hinrichs, Leipzig.
Zago S. (2018), “Imagining the beyond: the conceptualization of Duat between the Old and the Middle Kingdoms”, Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, Vol. 54, pp. 203–217. https://doi.org/10.5913/jarce.54.2018.a016
Zago S. (2022), A Journey through the Beyond: the development of the concept of Duat and related cosmological notions in Egyptian funerary literature, Material and Visual Culture of Ancient Egypt, Vol. 7. Lockwood, Columbia, GA. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2fcctxw