Єгипетський імпорт VI ст. до н. е. у матеріалах лісостепової Скіфії
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Анотація
Для поховальних комплексів VII–VI ст. до н. е. на території Лісостепової Скіфії досить звичайними є деякі види намистин, які прийнято зараховувати до “єгипетських фаянсів”. В основному вони представлені бісером різних відтінків, а також рідше зустрічаються конічними “намистини-розетки”. Місце виробництва перших встановити складно, для других визначено територію Закавказзя. Їхню появу та поширення в Північному Причорномор’ї пов’язують зі скіфами-кочівниками, що просунулися наприкінці VII – у першій половині VI ст. до н. е. до українського Лісостепу через Кавказ після завершення передньоазійських походів. Винятково важливими знахідками для цього періоду є єгипетські імпортні предмети рідкісних для території Скіфії типів, які були знайдені в Скороборі – одному з найбільших курганних могильників Більського городища (басейн Ворскли), а також у матеріалах розкопок Люботинського городища (басейн Сіверського Дінця). Серед них єгипетські пронизки-амулети та намистини VI ст. до н. е. Деякі предмети могли потрапити до Лісостепу з античних центрів, інші, ймовірно, належали скіфським воїнам, які отримали їх як військовий трофей. На сьогодні це поки що єдині такі ранні знахідки в Північному Причорномор’ї, які доповнюють набір імпортних виробів, що потрапили до Дніпровського Лівобережжя в період скіфської архаїки. Виявлені в жіночих похованнях VI ст. до н. е. єгипетські амулети доводять, що в цей період вони сприймалися населенням Скіфії як сакральний символ – атрибут жерців, функції яких у варварському суспільстві, найімовірніше, виконували жінки – представниці соціальної верхівки.
Як цитувати
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Північне Причорномор’я, Дніпровське лісостепове Лівобережжя, Більське городище, некрополь Скоробір, Люботинське городище, єгипетський імпорт, “фаянсові” амулети, підвіски та намистини, VI ст. до н. е.
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