ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ЄВРЕЙСЬКИХ РЕЛІГІЙНИХ ПАРТІЙ ЯК ВАЖЛИВИЙ ЧИННИК У СТВОРЕННІ КОАЛІЦІЙНИХ БІЛЬШОСТЕЙ У ДЕРЖАВІ ІЗРАЇЛЬ У ПЕРІОД 1948–1977 РОКІВ
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Анотація
У статті розглянуто роль релігійних партій у політичній структурі Держави Ізраїль, що визначалася особливостями ізраїльської виборчої системи. Охарактеризовано значення секулярної частини уряду, від якої залежало формування коаліції, та особливості взаємин релігійних партій із правлячими блоками. Політика поступок релігійним партіям у період 1948−1977 років була зумовлена прагненням домогтися від них підтримки внутрішньо- і зовнішньополітичного курсу правлячої партії, а також використовувати релігію як засіб внутрішньополітичної боротьби. У статті йдеться про три найбільш впливові партії серед представників релігійної частини уряду та згадуються менші політичні гравці, що перебували на більш радикальних релігійних позиціях. Зокрема, висвітлюються питання соціальної бази релігійних партій та їхнього електорату, причини майже незмінної кількості голосів, що віддавалися на їхню користь під час виборів. Висловлюється також думка про те, як саме прихід до влади блоку Лікуд міг вплинути на соціально-релігійні взаємини в уряді.
Як цитувати
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єврейські релігійні партії, Держава Ізраїль, Лікуд, створення коаліційних більшостей
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Bermeo N. (1997), “Myths of Moderation. Confrontation and Conflict during Democratic Transitions”, in Comparative Politics, No. 29. https://doi.org/10.2307/422123
Bochel J. M. and Denver D. T. (1978), “Religion and Voting. A Critical Review and a New Analysis”, in Political Studies, No. 18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1970.tb00870.x
Bradley C. P. (1985), Parliamentary Elections in Israel. Three Case Studies, Grantham, New Hampshire.
Cohen M. (1992), Zion and State: Nation, Class, and the Shaping of Modern Israel, New York.
Diskin A. (1991), Elections and Voters in Israel, New York.
Don-Yehiya E. (1971), Religion and State in Israel: The Status-Quo Solution, Jerusalem.
Don-Yehiya E., Lehman-Wilzig S. and Susser B. (1981), “The Politics of the Religious Parties in Israel”, in Comparative Jewish Politics: Public Life in Israel and the Diaspora, No. 1.
Don-Yehiya E. and Cohen S. A. (1986), “The Resolution of Religious Conflicts in Israel”, in Comparative Jewish Politics. Conflict and Consensus in Jewish Political Life, No. 2.
Elazar D. J. (1982), Religious Parties and Politics in the Begin Era, New York.
Elman M. F. (2008), “Does Democracy Tame the Radicals? Lessons from Israel’s Jewish religious political parties”, in Asian Security, No. 4. https://doi.org/10.1080/14799850701783387
Fox J. (2008), A World Survey of Religion and the State, New York. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511993039
Goldscheider C. and Friedlander D. (1982), Religiosity Patterns in Israel, New York.
Green J. (2007), “When parties and voters agree: Valence issues and party competition”, in Political Studies, No. 55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2007.00671.x
Gunther R. and Diamond L. (2003), “Species of Political Parties. A new typology”, in Party Politics, No. 9. https://doi.org/10.1177/13540688030092003
Huntington S. P. (1991), The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century, Norman.
Kalyvas S. N. (2000), “Commitment Problems in Emerging Democracies. The Case of Religious Parties”, in Comparative Politics, No. 32. https://doi.org/10.2307/422385
Kedem P. (1991), “Dimensions of Jewish Religiosity in Israel”, in Tradition, Innovation, Conflict: Jewishness and Judaism in Contemporary Israel, New York.
Liebman C. S. and Don-Yihya E. (1984), Religion and Politics in Israel, Bloomington.
Liebman C. S. (1990), In Religious and Secular: Conflict and Accommodation between Jews in Israel, Jerusalem.
Liebman C. S. (1997), Religion, Democracy and Israeli Society, Amsterdam.
Liebman C. S. (1990), Religious and Secular: Conflict and Accommodation between Jews in Israel, New York.
Liebman C. S. and Cohen S. M. (1990), Two Worlds of Judaism, New Haven.
Liebman C. S. and Don-Yehiya E. (1983), The Civil Religion of Israel, Berkeley.
Panebianco A. (1988), Political Parties: Organization and Power, Cambridge.
Peled Y. (1990), Labor Market Segmentation and Ethnic Conflict: The Social Basis of Right-Wing Politics in Israel, Boulder.
Przeworski A. and Sprague J. (1986), Paper Stones. A History of Electoral Socialism, Chicago.
Roof W. C. (1979), Concepts and Indicators of Religious Commitment: A Critical Review, New York.
Schiff G. S. (1977), Tradition and Politics. The Religious Parties of Israel, Detroit.
Shamir M. (1986), Realignment in the Israeli Party System, Tel Aviv.
Shye S. (1987), Social Integration in Israel: System-Theoretic Analysis and Multiple Scaling Assessments, Jerusalem.
Smith D. (1970), Religion and Political Development, Boston.
Tepe S. (2008), Beyond Sacred and Secular. Politics of Religion in Israel and Turkey, Stanford. https://doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9780804758642.001.0001
Tepe S. (2012), “Moderation of Religious Parties: Electoral Constraints, Ideological Commitments, and the Democratic Capacities of Religious Parties in Israel and Turkey”, in Political Research Quarterly, No. 65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1065912911434473
Tepe S. (2005), “Religious parties and democracy: A comparative assessment of Israel and Turkey”, in Democratization, No. 12. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510340500126731
Warner C. M. and Elman M. F. (2008), “Democracy, Security and Religious Political Parties: a framework for analysis”, in Asian Security, No. 4. https://doi.org/10.1080/14799850701783353
Weber M. (1947), The Types of Authority and Imperative Co-ordination, Glencoe.
Zelniker S and Kahan M. (1976), Religion and Nascent Cleavages: The Case of Israel’s National Religious Party, New York. https://doi.org/10.2307/421290
Zohar D. M. (1974), Political Parties in Israel, New York.
Zuckerman-Bareli C. (1975), The Religious Factor in Opinion Formation among Israeli Youth, Ramat-Gan.